Cryptography is a fundamental aspect of blockchain technology, providing the security, anonymity, and data integrity essential for decentralized networks. By using cryptographic techniques, blockchain ensures secure data exchange, safeguards transaction information, and prevents unauthorized access.

Types:
1. Symmetric Cryptography
- Both sender and receiver use the same key.
- First cryptography technique used; straightforward and quick data processing.
- Ensures the integrity of encrypted data.
- Information is translated into a cipher using an encrypted code or key. Both the sender and receiver share the same key for encryption and decryption, making it efficient but reliant on secure key sharing.

2. Asymmetric Cryptography
- Uses a pair of keys—public and private.
- More secure; different keys for encryption and decryption.
- Enhanced security for data transmission.
- Public key encrypts the message, and a private key decrypts it. This method ensures that only the intended recipient with the correct private key can decrypt the message. It also allows for digital signatures, verifying the sender's identity.

3. Cryptographic Hashing
- Transforms data into a unique string using cryptographic algorithms.
- Irreversible process; used for data integrity and compression.
- Reliable data integrity; efficient data storage and retrieval.
- Converts plain text into a cryptographic hash that cannot be reversed, ensuring data integrity. Hashing compresses large data sets into smaller, manageable strings, making it useful for verifying data consistency without storing large volumes.

Benefits:
- Reliability: Irreversible hashing ensures data accuracy and integrity.
- Security: Cryptographic techniques secure digital ledgers and detect tampering.
- Scalability: Supports unlimited secure transactions across the network.

Resources:
https://tinyurl.com/4jt4pjk5
https://tinyurl.com/4uku5h7t

Categories : Computer Science

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